from the foreword of The Pleasure of Finding things out by
Richard P Feynman
THE PLEASURE OF FINDING THINGS OUT
Richard P. Feynman
This is the edited transcript of an interview with
Feynman made for the BBC television program Horizon
in 1981, shown in the United States as an episode of
Nova. Feynman had most of his life behind him by this
time (he died in 1988), so he could reflect on his
experiences and accomplishments with the perspective
not often attainable by a younger person.
Epaulettes and the Pope
One of the things that my father taught me besides physics
(LAUGHS), whether it’s correct or not, was a disrespect for
respectable . . . for certain kinds of things. For example,
when I was a little boy, and a rotogravure–that’s printed
pictures in newspapers–first came out in the New York
Times, he used to sit me again on his knee and he’d open a
picture, and there was a picture of the Pope and everybody
bowing in front of him. And he’d say, “Now look at these
humans. Here is one human standing here, and all these
others are bowing. Now what is the difference? This one
is the Pope”–he hated the Pope anyway–and he’d say, “the
difference is epaulettes”–of course not in the case of the
Pope, but if he was a general–it was always the uniform,
the position, “but this man has the same human problems,
he eats dinner like anybody else, he goes to the bathroom,
he has the same kind of problems as everybody, he’s a
human being. Why are they all bowing to him? Only
because of his name and his position, because of his
uniform, not because of something special he did, or his
honor, or something like that.” He, by the way, was in the
uniform business, so he knew what the difference was
between the man with the uniform off and the uniform on;
it’s the same man for him.
He was happy with me, I believe. Once, though, when I
came back from MIT–I’d been there a few years–he said
to me, “Now,” he said, “you’ve become educated about
these things and there’s one question I’ve always had that
I’ve never understood very well and I’d like to ask you,
now that you’ve studied this, to explain it to me,” and I
asked him what it was. And he said that he understood that
when an atom made a transition from one state to another it
emits a particle of light called a photon. I said, “That’s
right.” And he says, “Well, now, is the photon in the atom
ahead of time that it comes out, or is there no photon in it
to start with?” I says, “There’s no photon in, it’s just that
when the electron makes a transition it comes” and he says
“Well, where does it come from then, how does it come
out?” So I couldn’t just say, “The view is that photon
numbers aren’t conserved, they’re just created by the
motion of the electron.” I couldn’t try to explain to him
something like: the sound that I’m making now wasn’t in
me. It’s not like my little boy who when he started to talk,
suddenly said that he could no longer say a certain word–
the word was “cat”–because his word bag has run out of
the word cat (LAUGHS). SO there’s no word bag that you
have inside so that you use up the words as they come out,
you just make them as they go along, and in the same sense
there was no photon bag in an atom and when the photons
come out they didn’t come from somewhere, but I couldn’t
do much better. He was not satisfied with me in the
respect that I never was able to explain any of the things
that he didn’t understand (LAUGHS). So he was
unsuccessful, he sent me through all these universities in
order to find out these things and he never did find out
(LAUGHS).
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